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Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
Item 1 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 2 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 3 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 4 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 5 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 6 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 7 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 8 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 9 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 11 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 12 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 13 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 14 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 15 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 16 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item
Item’s are ‘child’ level descriptions to ‘parent’ objects, (e.g. one page of a whole book).
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10 the New England and other Northern States as far west as Minnesota the glaciers have left innumerable lakes which serve as natural reservoirs for the storage of water and for regulating its flow in the streams, and everywhere over this surface have deposited deep beds of gravel and sand which possess a storage capacity for water almost equal to that of the lakes. So influential are these two agencies that in many regions, even where the forest is largely removed, the streams have a fairly regular flow and the value of the water powers has been fairly maintained. Furthermore, in the cooler climate of this more northern region grasses grow with great vigor, and even on the cleared land surfaces they form a dense sod, which holds the soil in place, and as the rain descends it catches and holds the water until it soaks into the soil beneath, from which it emerges weeks or even, perhaps, months later. As will be readily seen, such a favorable combination of conditions naturally preserves the regularity in the flow of the streams and prevents the erosion of the land surfaces, and consequently prevents the silting up of the streams. In this Southern Appalachian region, however, we have higher mountains, and hence steeper mountain slopes; we have a heavier rainfall than that in the New England and other Northern States; we have no lakes or other natural reservoir basins; no extensive deposits of sand or gravel such as the glaciers have elsewhere left; the grasses do not grow vigorously nor sod readily, and consequently they do not hold the soil and prevent its erosion as they do in New England. Hence, as soon as the forest is destroyed the erosion of the land surface begins and continues rapidly until the soil is removed and the hard-rock surface reached. Therefore, it is literally and absolutely true that the destruction of the forests in this Southern Appalachian region means the destruction of the streams, the destruction of the soils, and ultimately the destruction of the mountains themselves. The process by which this protection is afforded by the forest covering is simple. The myriads of independent and separate raindrops are broken in their downward descent by contact with the twigs and leaves of the trees and fall in a spray on the surface vegetation below—the herbs, the flowers, the ferns, and grass—and is received by the porous humus, and thence soaks into the soil below. There it is held as in a reservoir, and finally, weeks and months later, passes off through the rock crevices into the basin of the watershed below, and thence into the ocean. By this gradual absorption, percolation, and outflow the moisture necessary to plant life and to health is preserved and the regularity of water flow maintained. Now, remove the forest coverings from these mountain sides and summits, and these raindrops batter the soil in some instances into a hard, compact surface, over which the water flows in a sluice immediately into the drainway, and in other instances, according to the character of the soil, these raindrops batter the soil to pieces, and both soil and water are precipitated into the basin below. In both instances the water is, in a few hours after the rain falls, on its way to the sea. The first effect of this sudden precipitation of the rainfall into these mountain streams is an uncontrollable torrent, charged with the debris of mountain erosion, filling the channel of the stream with deposits of the heavier parts of this erosion, sweeping over its banks and distrib- 5333
Object
Object’s are ‘parent’ level descriptions to ‘children’ items, (e.g. a book with pages).
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Early on, the Appalachian National Park Association met with legislative success. In 1900, a bill passed authorizing funds to investigate the possibility of a national park in the eastern U.S. and, in December 1901, Congress introduced a bill to purchase land. While the Appalachian National Park Association initially argued for a national park, it used the terms “national park” and “forest reserve” somewhat interchangeably. As the bill made its way through Congress, funds were earmarked for a “forest reserve” rather than a “national park.” Unfortunately, when a separate bill was re-introduced in 1902, Congress was not able to reconcile the two bills and they failed.
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Part of Collection
Great Smoky Mountains - A Park for America
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Hiker near Indian Gap
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Tom DeWine, Harriet Fowlkes, and Margaret Broome, on Cheoah Bald
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Study for the Preservation of Mountain Culture in Field Museum of History
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Great Smoky Mountains National Park, North Carolina- Tennessee
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Financial receipts and expenditures, 1900
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Subscriptions received by the Appalachian National Park Association
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Hikers on trail to Mount Sterling
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Minutes of Meetings of the Appalachian National Park Association
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Hughes Ridge, Barnetts Knob, Plott Balsam Mountains
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Report of the North Carolina Park Commission
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Strategies for supporting the Appalachian National Park movement
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Nomenclature notebook: N.C. portion/ Great Smoky Mountains National Park
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Program of hikes for 1930/ Smoky Mountains Hiking Club
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Report of the Secretary of Agriculture in relation to the forests, rivers, and mountains of the southern Appalachian region
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Correspondence regarding organizational meetings of the Appalachian National Park Association
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Petitions supporting a National Park and Forest Reserve
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Correspondence regarding organizational meetings of the Appalachian National Park Association
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Swim Bald and Cheoah Bald
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Stickers: Push the Appalachian National Park
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Articles of Incorporation
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Kephart writes of odd names in the Smoky Mountains
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Congressional speech for forest reserve
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Financial receipts and expenditures, 1900
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Photo Album of the Great Smokey Mountains
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Appalachian Trail in winter
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River landscape
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Cataloochee: still
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Mount LeConte with Brushy and Cove Mountains
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Handbook/ 1933/ Smoky Mountains Hiking Club
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Mountain Road Scene
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Two-track road near Campbell’s Hump
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Cabin interior
