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Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231-231a-c
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_80235-231a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_80235-231b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_80235-231c
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_80235-231a_546
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231a-c_547
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231c_Palmer_article
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4801_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4801_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4802_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4802_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4803_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4803_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4804_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4804_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4805_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4805_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4805_c
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4807_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4807_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4808_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4808_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4809_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4809_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4810_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4810_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4811_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4811_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4812_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4812_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4813_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4813_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4814_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4814_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4815_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4815_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4816_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4816_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4817_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4817_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4818_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4818_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4819_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4819_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4820_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4820_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4821_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4821_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4822_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4822_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4823_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_II-B-(5)-4823_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10157_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10157_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10158_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10158_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10159_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10159_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10160_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10160_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10161_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10161_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10162_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10162_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10163_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10163_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10164_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10164_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10165_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10165_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10166_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10166_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10408_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10408_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10409_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10409_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10410_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10410_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10411_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10411_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10411_a_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10411_a_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10412_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10412_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10413_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10413_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10414_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10414_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10415_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10415_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10416_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10416_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10417_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10417_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10418_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10418_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10420_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10420_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10441_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10441_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10442_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-B-10442_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-M-4286_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-M-4286_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-P-16304_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-P-16304_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-P-4825_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-P-4825_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-P-4826_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-P-4826_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-P-4827_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-P-4827_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-P-4828_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-P-4828_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-P-4829_a
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_02120_III-P-4829_b
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231a_03
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231a_04
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231a_05
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231a_06
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231a_Hipps_01
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231a_Palmer_10
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231c_Palmer_06
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231c_Palmer_11
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
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Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231c_Palmer_13
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231c_Palmer_14
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231c_Palmer_15
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231c_Palmer_16
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
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Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
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Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231c_Palmer_19
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231c_Palmer_20
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231c_Palmer_21
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231c_Palmer_22
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231c_Palmer_23
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
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Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231c_Palmer_25
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231c_Palmer_26
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231c_Palmer_27
Cataloochee tract 231: W. G. B. Messer
GSMNP_Cata-231c_Palmer_28Item’s are ‘child’ level descriptions to ‘parent’ objects, (e.g. one page of a whole book).
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CATALOOCHEE HISTORIC DISTRICT: CULTURAL LANDSCAPE REPORT GREAT SMOKY MoUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK January 2000 Dianne L. Flaugh Historical Landscape Architect Cultural Resources Resource Management Great Smoky Mountains National Park National Park Service I I -r- I 1~/ I I I I I I ,---_____ il.., -~ I I I I I CHAPTER 4: INDIVIDUAL TRACTS 131 Dan Cook Cabin Tract (231a) Location This 43.43-acre tract is located along Little Cataloochee trail. It stretches from Coggins Branch on the east to Cooks Knob on the west. History This tract is part of a one hundred-acre parcel recorded as sold to D. J. Cook from the Love holdings in 1877, and another thirty-one acre tract acquired in 1885. In 1891, Cook divided his property among three of his ten children. His daughter Rachel acquired this tract and promised to care for her mother and father as long as they lived. Harrison Cook acquired the tract closest to Davidson Gap (tract 231 b) and Hester Cook Burgess acquired tract 234. In 1894, Rachel married W. G. B. (Will) Messer and through this marriage Will Messer acquired this property. The NCPC acquired the land from Will Messer in 1930. The NPS leased the orchard and lower pasture fields ofthis parcel to M. N. Hall from 1940, through 1945. Daniel J. Cook and Harriet Caldwell married in 1854, and soon established a home in Little Cataloochee. 1 Cook was known in the community as a carpenter and cabinetmaker. It is said that he helped to build some of the best barns and houses in the area.2 In 1870, Cook reported farming ten acres of cleared land on which the only grain crop grown was com. He had a variety of stock animals including work animals, cattle, sheep, and swine; but reported mostly sheep. By 1880, he farmed forty acres of cleared land and ten acres of permanent pastureland. His crops included com, rye, wheat, and sorghum. His orchard included thirty bearing apple trees and twenty bearing peach trees. The number of stock animals also increased with Cook owning primarily sheep, thirty-four; and swine, forty. After Will Messer married Rachel Cook in 1894, they first lived in the Cook household. 3 Although Messer owned the land through marriage, Daniel Cook retained the right to live on the property. In 1900, Daniel, his wife Harriet, one son and two grandchildren lived in this household. 4 Vegetation Unlike other tracts acquired by the NCPC, there is no breakdown for this tract of the number of cultivated, pasture, or woodland acres. All of the Will Messer holdings are combined to show a total of two hundred fifty acres of cleared land and orchards, and ninety-three acres ofwoodland. Aerial photographs and vegetation studies (ca.1938) indicate that portions of tract 231a were open. Other photographs looking down from the fields of adjoining tract 233 show the open fields in the area of the Cook farmstead (figure 50). The tract also included an apple orchard, which was leased by M. N. Hall for the years 1940, through 1945.5 132 CuruR.A.L L ANDSCAPE REPORT: CA1ALOOCHEE HisTORIC DisTRICT Circulation Figure 50. View down to the Dan Cook tract, 1939. Note stone wall and applebarn beyond. GRSM Archives. Little Cataloochee Road provided the access to this tract. It runs along Coggins Branch through the east end of this tract. At the north boundary of this property, Cook's Lane branched off Little Cataloochee Road. It ran south to eventually cross at Bald Gap and descend into Big Cataloochee. Cook's Lane was known for its use as a mail route between the Nellie and Ola Post Offices. Another trail branched off Cook's Lane above the Dan Cook property. This trail ran east to cross at Noland Gap before descending into Big Cataloochee along Hall Branch. Structures, Furnishings, and O~jects Unlike other tracts acquired by the NCPC there is no list of structures found on this tract. All of the structures owned by Will Messer were included on one list. It is known that the site included a bam, applehouse, and cabin. It is likely that the site included other structures, such as a springhouse, that were not included on any listing. The Dan Cook cabin and Will Messer applebarn were fully documented in Historic American Building Survey (HABS) drawings and a Historic Structures Report (HSR) completed in 1975. That same year, the cabin was removed and timbers stored for its planned eventual reconstruction. Dan Cook built the cabin between 1856, and 1860, using native timber and stone. It stood seventy-two feet east ofLittle Cataloochee Road. Porches extended the full length of the front, northeast, and rear sides of the cabin. A portion of the rear porch was enclosed for use as a kitchen. A chimney constructed of native stone stood on the southwest wall of the cabin. Will Messer built the applehouse (ca. 1915) into the side of the hill east of Little Cataloochee Road. This unusually large stone and timber applehouse measured approximately 27' by 33' in size, and was designed to meet the needs of the commercial apple industry. The first floor was used for grading, packing, and storing apples that would keep during the winter. The second floor served the same purposes but for apples that did not keep and were shipped early. The timber portion of the applehouse • . I I I I I I I I I I I I I • CHAPTER 4: iNDIVIDUAL TRACTS 133 was removed and sold some time after 1950.6 The barn, built by Will Messer in 1905, stood southwest ofthe large applehouse. It measured thirty-six feet in length and included two 13' by 13' cribs with a driveway between the cribs. It stood approximately thirteen feet high at the eaves. The wall logs were hewn poplar and oak, and the plates and posts were locust. Soon after the barn was built, Will Messer erected cattle scales in front of the barn. 7 Two other structures associated with the cabin also stood on the site. One was a small applehouse that stood west of the road and southwest ofthe cabin.The other was a hewn timber springhouse covered with rived chestnut strips in a lattice pattern.8The construction and removal dates of these structures is unknown. Existing Conditions This area is within subzone Natural Environment-Type II, which emphasizes the natural environment yet, allows access to extant cultural resources. Visitors hiking Little Cataloochee Trail pass through the fonner fields and past the homesite of this tract. Except for a small clearing encompassing the cabin and applehouse site this tract is now entirely forest covered. Tulip poplar or a mix of tulip poplar and red maple dominates fonner agriculture field areas. Multiflora roses and other woody growth was cleared from the area of cabin in the fall of 1998. One mature apple tree remains southwest of the cabin along with several fallen apple trees. Little Cataloochee road is now a horse and foot trail passing through this tract. A park administrative road through Little Cataloochee ends at the cabin site. Several beaten footpaths lead to the stone foundations of the applehouse found east of Little Cataloochee Trail. A trace road leads up slope north from the cabin. It crosses a low hill to descend to the homesite on the adjoining property (tract 234). Although the start of Cook's Lane is evident on Dan Cook tract 231 a, it soon becomes impossible to track. The routes of Cook's Lane and the trail that lead to the headwaters ofHall Branch are not designated as NPS maintained trails. The Dan Cook cabin was reconstructed on site in 1999, using timbers salvaged from the original structure.9 Prior to reconstruction, the location of the cabin had been marked by stone footers and rocks from the fallen chimney. The stone foundation of the large applehouse remains standing east of Little Cataloochee Trail. The site of the barn and cattle scales are marked by remnant raised earth and depressions. Stone remnants of the springhouse are found west of the cabin site. No trace of the smaller apple barn has been found .10 Analysis and Evaluation This site is associated with Dan Cook and was one ofthe first sites in Little Cataloochee settled. It is also associated with Will Messer, his commercial apple orchard operations and his involvement in the raising and marketing cattle and other livestock. Reforestation and the removal of buildings have impacted the site. However, the reforested agricultural land remains evident, dominated by pioneer tree species. The 134 CULllJRAL LANDSCAPE REPORT: CATALOOCHEE HISTORIC DISTRICT foundation of the commercial applehouse, apple tree, barn and cattle scale sites, and road traces remain as evidence of past activities on the site. The cabin (reconstructed 1999) setting in a small level clearing near the base of steep slopes attests to the difficult nature of subsistence farming in Cataloochee. NOTES 1 Cook first appears on the agriculture census records in 1870. He is also listed on the 1867 and 1868 tax roles as owning 100-acres. 2 Roy Carroll and Raymond H. Pulley, "Historic Structures Report: Jim Hannah Cabin, Will Messer Bam, and Dan Cook Cabin," (Appalachian State University, Department of History, 1976), 15. 3 Ibid., 22-23, 26. 4 Census records for 1900 5 M. N. Hall lease file, GRSM Headquarters inactive file. 6 Carroll, 74-78. 7 Ibid., 69. & Ibid., 69. 9 Not all of the timbers salvaged in 1975, were usable. The reconstructed cabin consists ofapproximately 30 percent original timbers. 10 Archeological field work was completed at the Dan Cook Cabin site in December 1999. Once analyzed, the data collected may provide more information about site use as well as the location of other structures. • I I • • - - - - - ,......, ( ~- I I 0 ... I - - - - ( Legeftd: ,_ Uno ,.._,._ .....,_) ~------ --- r- ~ -Line -- ,-_. - ?.~f-i~ ·~ ... CUL TVRAL lANDSCAPE REPORT CATALOOCHEE HISTORIC DISTRICT W.YWOOO COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA LITTLE CATALOOCHEE VALLEY DAN COOK CABIN TRACT 2311 PROPOSED TREATMENT ,_ NIITIOfW. ~-IEIMCE OMAT IMOKY MOUHTMISIIIITIONOI. ~N! IOUIICI ~.c:uL'I\IIIAL Rl!IOUACES OAAWN IV: --L F1ougll OAT!: ........ I .. -NO. ~g = ,·-~·I ."tt11t...t 'f"O V'IIIA, t1 ~S.S~J;Z. Hct1~61'fe:. - II • ·" ntL£ -ro t...rfTt.-~ cA-r A k~?-1-1-'F- ?-I-+~ • - ~-rol'lt ArP\..~ 1-{V'\J,S~ f'ol.-1\Jt;>AI\ON (?.. 1<'1 .~) t11MP~I~ ~AD ·H-P,t.~ ('-"~'tt..' S L--Ai--l~J/ ~LD CrAr T~AIL (c.. ,~o·s.) Dan Cook Homesite Cataloochee ... Great Smoky Mountains National Park Cultural Landscap.: Inventory· Levei I July 1996 Dnwa by: Cba\IIIUI' Mcl...wghlin Additioas/C«rections by: Dianne L. Flau&h July 1999
Object’s are ‘parent’ level descriptions to ‘children’ items, (e.g. a book with pages).
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The 343 acres in tracts 231, 231a, 231b, and 231c were owned by W.G.B. Messer. While, in general, the Great Smoky Mountains region was sparsely populated, the Cataloochee Valley remained an exception. By 1900, the population of Cataloochee had grown to 1,000 residents living in hundreds of log and frame homes. A few historic buildings have been preserved on site, including two churches, a school, several homes, and outbuildings. The North Carolina Park Commission was tasked with purchasing land for the Great Smoky Mountains National Park and people living in Cataloochee were among those displaced. Cataloochee families continue to return for annual reunions. In 2001, the National Park Service re-introduced elk into the valley.
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Great Smoky Mountains - A Park for America
