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WCU - Western Carolina University Publications

Western Carolinian Volume 42 Number 62

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Item 1 - Western Carolinian Volume 42 Number 62
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Western Carolinian Volume 42 Number 62

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Western Carolinian Volume 42 Number 62

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Western Carolinian Volume 42 Number 62

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Western Carolinian Volume 42 Number 62

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Western Carolinian Volume 42 Number 62

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Western Carolinian Volume 42 Number 62

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Western Carolinian Volume 42 Number 62

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Western Carolinian Volume 42 Number 62

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Western Carolinian Volume 42 Number 62

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  • THURSDAY, JULY 14, 1977 THE WESTERN CAROLINIAN or genetic genocide? is left up to the parents, who will have to base their decision on the consequences of allowing the pregnancy to continue and risk having a physically, mentally, or otherwise handicapped child. Another area of genetic engineering that faces criticism is cloning, the making or copying of organisms from single cells. The word "clone" comes from a Greek word meaning a sprout, slip, or cutting. Just as a slip from a tree is planted in the ground and grows into the same thing genetically, so the process of cloning works. In humans, this is said to be possible by taking a fertilized ovum or zygote from the oviduct and fertilizing it in vitro. The nucleus is then removed, or emacleated, and a body or "somatic cell" donated to take its place. This renucleated ovum is then implanted in the uterus of its ovulator, a substitute's, or prospectively in the future, in an artificial womb. This type of reproduction would have to be called asexual due to the fact that the offspring produced is not the result of the combination of male and female germ cells. The individuals born of cloning are normal in the respect that they may reproduce sexually, through cloning, or even both. However, the child produced has all of his genetic inheritance from the one body cell, resulting in an exact copy, or identical twin of the person who donated the cell. Cloning, or in the language of reproductive science, vegetative reproduction, has been accomplished with carrots, tobacco, fruitflies, salamanders, frogs, and mice. There are no theoretical obstacles to human cloning and the technical problems could be rapidly overcome. In fact, some scientists predict human cloning by 1980. But Dr. C. A. Clarke of the Nuffield Unit of Medical Genetics at the University of Liverpool said that "even though the ability to culture human cells apart from the donor is valuable in cancer research, the cloning of man is unethical until more is known about the results, and that the possible 'immoral' use could be dangerous". Joseph Fletcher in his book The Ethics of Genetic Control disagrees with the idea that immoral use, such as making dozens of Hitlers, is possible. He says that it is foolish to talk about "xerox copies" or "carbon copies" of humans by cloning. He emphasized that even though they may look exactly alike, "identical twins can be as unlike as push and pull". In one sense, though, cloning could be very helpful. This is in the area of food production. Cloning, through the copying of championship livestock and the development of new strains of grain that don't require expensive fertilizers in order to grow, could provide the necessary nutrition for the hungry of the world. But concerning these methods, and all possiblities concerning cloning, it is too early in the research to determine if the proposed results are actually possible, and if possible, if they are ethical. One very interesting development through genetic engineering processes was made by the American company, General Electric. They developed a "super- bug" that has the ability to clean up oil spills. They invented the bug by taking many bacteria that enjoy a diet of oil, with each different species having a taste for only part of the oil, thus leaving a portion uneaten. Just a mixture of the different bacteria failed because instead of each one consuming part of the oil, they consumed each other. The company then took the genes that determine the bacteria's eating habits from four of the species and injected them into one "superbug." This bug ate about two-thirds of the hydrocarbons in a laboratorv simulated oil spill over the first two weeks. In a real life situation, the bugs, having done their job, would hopefully become part of the marine life food chain. The primary inventor of this bug is Dr. Anada Chakrabarity, who has patented a way using ultra-violet light to make sure they reproduce. He is also working with a second bug that would eat the oil leftovers from Executive Desks and Chair now at GIBSON'S FURNITURE You Always Buy the Best For Less at Gibson's EAST SYLVA SHOPPING CENTER THE DOWN UNDER Monday-Friday Lunch 11-2 Mondav-Thur. Dinner 5-10 Fri.-Sat. Dinner 5-12 Salad Bar Entertainment Brown Bagging Unique Menu-Reasonably Priced EAST SYLVA SHOPPING CENTER Page 7 the first superbug. This could prove to be a great way of protecting the environment from the all to often oil spills from tankers and oil wells if it were not for several problems. One is the spread of disease due to the human consumption of superbug infested fish, but the largest and most dangerous incident that could take place would be if the bugs were to get into oil storage tanks or even directly into the oil reserves. With the oil supplies already dwindling to critical levels, all that would be needed to put the world in a state of energy emergency is these bugs consuming the oil that still remains. In conclusion, the word "genetic engineering" may as well be "controversy," because as shown in test tube fertilization, amniocentesis, cloning, and the superbug. many questions are yet to be answered. Several sources have made statements that sum up what is to be said about the research. Paul Berg, an American geneticist at Stanford University stated, "can mankinds' well-being be trusted to the integrity, carefullness, and sell-restraint of all individual scientists who are competing against each other to see who will be the first to make the big breakthrough in genetic engineering." Also concerning the dangers involved, the Cambridge. Massachusetts. ( ity Council said, "knowledge, whether tor its own sake, or for its potential benefits to humankind, cannot serve as justification for introducing o the publ ,-cpt t! isks. . Or. > ii'ipre werall reseat s in general come gradually and ible. Therefore, speculation and should be avoided and bridges crossed only when thc\ are encountered." Genetic engineering could mean finding cures for disease, the end of hunger, and protection from oil spill damage, but it could also mean the end of human life and the destruction of the earth. Hopefully, when Dr. Clarke's bridges are encountered the foundational research will be strong enough to allow us to cross the river, full of danger and the unknown, and reach the other side safely. Lipscomb Wood crafts HANDMADE PRODUCTS SOLID WALNUT DESK NAME PLATES ''SdisfidhA Q>u^re^ot tHES©NSHINE Shop Christian Bookstore Complete Music Store 5 Asheville Hwy. SYLVA 586-8222 "Tour Shopping Center For The Finer Things In Lite" MUSIC SALE! GUITARS - All Brands 20-40 percent off AMPLIFIERS - Fender & Kustom ON SALF. PA SYSTEMS - Savings of 20-30 percent PIANOS & ORGANS - 25 percent discounts CRAIG STEREO Home & Car - 20 percent oft CHRISTIAN MUSIC Tapes, Albums - 15 percent off
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Western Carolina University Publications

The Western Carolinian is Western Carolina University’s student-run newspaper. The paper was published as the Cullowhee Yodel from 1924 to 1931 before changing its name to The Western Carolin...

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