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Secretary of Agriculture report on watersheds
Item
Item’s are ‘child’ level descriptions to ‘parent’ objects, (e.g. one page of a whole book).
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10 APPALACHIAN AND WHITE MOUNTAIN WATERSHEDS. and that of softwood lumber nearly 16 per cent. During the same period the wholesale prices of all classes of hardwood lumber advanced from 25 to 65 per cent. Almost every kind of hardwood has been put on the market, and hardwood is now being cut in every State and in almost every locality where it is found. All possible substitutes are being put into requisition. The demand is stronger than ever, but the supply is falling off. A notable shrinkage has occurred in some of the most popular woods, as shown by the following table: Table 1.—The cut of hardwood lumber, by hinds, 1899 and 1906. Wood. 1906. Increase (+) or deerease(—). Oak Maple Poplar Red gum Chestnut Basswood.. Birch Cottonwood Beech Elm Ash Hickory Tupelo Walnut Sycamore... All others... Total. Thousand feet. 4,438,027 633,466 1,115,242 286,417 206,688 308,069 132,601 415,124 (a) 456,731 269,120 96,636 (•) 38,681 29,715 208,504 Thousand feet. 2,820,393 882,878 693,076 453,678 407,379 376,838 370,432 263,996 275,661 224,795 214,460 148,212 47,882 48,174 Per cent. - 36.5 + 39.4 - 37.9 4- 59.0 + 97.1 + 22.3 + 179.4 - 36.4 - 50.8 - 20.3 + 53.4 87,637 24.5 58.0 8,634,021 7,315,491 a Not separately reported. Oak, which in 1899 furnished more than half the entire output of hardwood lumber, has fallen off 36.5 per cent. Yellow poplar, which in 1899 ranked second among the hardwoods of the country, fell off 37.9. Elm, the great standard in slack cooperage, went down 50.8 per cent. Cottonwood and ash, used largely in many industries, lost, respectively, 36.4 and 20.3 per cent.' Of the woods which show increases, hickory and walnut are cut scatteringly over a very large territory. The increases shown are probably in large part, if not entirely, due to more complete figures in 1906 than in 1899. The other woods which show increases are those which up to a few years ago were considered so inferior that they had no market value. Only within the past seven years have maple, red gum, birch, beech and tupelo begun to replace the better woods, such as oak, poplar, elm, and ash. When the inferior substitutes are gone there will be nothing with which to replace them. While we know the hardwood supply is rapidly running down, it is unfortunate that we can not tell how long the supply will last. The hardwood which annually goes into the manufacture of lumber is . approximately 7 J billion feet. Other uses, such as railroad ties, poles, piles, fence posts, fuel, and the vast amount of waste bring the figure to at least 25 billion feet. By the largest estimate our supply of standing hardwoods does not exceed 400 billion feet. This means a sixteen years' supply.
Object
Object’s are ‘parent’ level descriptions to ‘children’ items, (e.g. a book with pages).
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This 41-page “Report of the Secretary of Agriculture on The Southern Appalachian and White Mountain Watersheds” is in the collection of the Appalachian National Park Association records. The Senate report was written in 1907. Even before the dawn of the 20th century, the association raised awareness of the importance of forests to water.
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