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Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
Item 1 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 2 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 3 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 4 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 5 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 6 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 7 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 8 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 10 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 11 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 12 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 13 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 15 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item 16 - Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
Senate Bill 5228: Senator Simmon's speech
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Item
Item’s are ‘child’ level descriptions to ‘parent’ objects, (e.g. one page of a whole book).
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9 I have in mind as an illustration of this fact a certain river in my State, one of the largest rivers in that State, and the only large river in it which flows directly into the ocean. I refer to the Cape Fear River. Three generations ago, before deforestation began along the banks of that river, or before it had progressed to any considerable extent, that river was navigable all the year round 125 miles into the interior, up to the old historic town of Fayetteville. for light-draft ocean vessels drawing 5i feet. Fayetteville was then a port of entry and a distributing point of a large part of Virginia, South Carolina, and Tennessee, as wTell as central and western North Carolina. The watershed of this river is rich and fertile, and in that time 75 per cent of it has been cleared, and most of the timber has been cut off of the other 25 per cent. As a result of this deforestation along that river, which runs through a comparatively level country, although it takes its rise in the foothills of my State, notwithstanding all the money that the Government has expended in dredging out the channel and in building jetties, its governing depth of water for eight months of the year is only 21 inches, as against 6 and 7 feet before this deforestation. Recently that stream has been examined by an engineer of the Government for the purpose of ascertaining what it would cost and whether it is feasible to restore its original depth of water, and his report made to this Congress shows that it will cost $1,300,000 to restore the original depth of 6 or 8 feet the year round, and that it can only be done by a system of slack-water dams and locks, and this Congress has made an appropriation to begin the work of constructing these locks and dams. So that here is a case where, as the result of deforestation, the governing depth of the water in a stream has been reduced from 6 and 8 feet to 21 inches, and it will cost the Government one and a quarter millions dollars to restore that depth. But, Mr. President, as great as are the effects of this deforestation upon streams running through hilly and lowland countries, it is infinitely greater in streams taking their rise in mountains, because of the greater elevation and the more rapid flow of the water as a result of that greater elevation. I know nothing about it myself, but scientists who have investigated this question assert that if you remove the forest covering from the Southern Appalachian Mountains or from any other Southern mountains with as great a waterfall as they have there, a waterfall on the average of from 70 to 100 inches a year, the result will be the washing away of the land surface of these mountains, and they will become in a comparatively short time as barren as the mountains and the hills of Palestine and those of southern France have become under like circumstances. In this Southern Appalachian region it is the forest cover alone that protects the soils from erosion and preserves the regular flow of the streams. In the far Western part of our country, where there is an almost total absence of forest, these effects do not follow because of the slight rainfall there, being from 5 to 20 inches a year. In New England, where there has been great deforestation, there is measurable protection from these results by the comparatively light rainfall, being only about one-half of that of the Southern Appalachian region, but there are other reasons why this result has not followed deforestation in New England and the North. In 5383
Object
Object’s are ‘parent’ level descriptions to ‘children’ items, (e.g. a book with pages).
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Early on, the Appalachian National Park Association met with legislative success. In 1900, a bill passed authorizing funds to investigate the possibility of a national park in the eastern U.S. and, in December 1901, Congress introduced a bill to purchase land. While the Appalachian National Park Association initially argued for a national park, it used the terms “national park” and “forest reserve” somewhat interchangeably. As the bill made its way through Congress, funds were earmarked for a “forest reserve” rather than a “national park.” Unfortunately, when a separate bill was re-introduced in 1902, Congress was not able to reconcile the two bills and they failed.
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Part of Collection
Great Smoky Mountains - A Park for America
