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Secretary of Agriculture report on watersheds
Item
Item’s are ‘child’ level descriptions to ‘parent’ objects, (e.g. one page of a whole book).
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APPALACHIAN AND WHITE MOUNTAIN WATERSHEDS. 31 The main centers for such mountainous and nonagricultural lands in the Southern Appalachians are, first, the Blue Ridge and Great Smoky Mountains of North Carolina and Tennessee, South Carolina and Georgia; second, the Allegheny Mountains of eastern and southern West Virginia and western Virginia, and, third, the Cumberland Mountains of eastern Kentucky, Tennessee, and northern Alabama. These lands include the main mountain ranges, and the roughest, wildest land of the region. Naturally, they embrace a smaller proportion of agricultural lands than other parts of the region, and those which they do embrace have for the most part been eliminated, as will be seen from the irregular boundaries on the map. Regardless of these eliminations they still include some small bodies of agricultural lands. These areas, though they contain only 40 per cent of the timbered land of the Southern Appalachians, include almost all of the virgin timberlands, because the virgin timber which remains is mostly situated on the high mountains. Even though these lands do produce an inferior grade of timber, their sole use must be for timber production. There is no other crop which will hold the gravelly, stony soil in place and keep it from clogging the channels of streams and covering the agricultural valleys which lie below. These nonagricultural and mountainous lands, approximating 23 million acres, give rise to all the important streams which have their source in the Southern Appalachians. They are therefore the vital portions of these mountains. Whatever work is done to protect the Southern Appalachians must center in these areas. The proportion to which these lands fall into different States and watersheds is shown in the following tables: Table 4.—Area, by States, of nonagricultural and mountainous lands in the Southern Appalachians. State. Tennessee Virginia Alabama Georgia Kentucky North Carolina Acres . 4,062,000 3,882,000 491,000 1,806,000 1,623,000 3,882,000 West Virginia. South Carolina Maryland Total.... Area. Acres. 5,797,000 590,000 277,000 23,310,000 Table 5.—Area, by watersheds, of nonagricultural and mountainous lands in the Southern Appalachians. Watershed. Tennessee Cumberland Holston James Roanoke (Staunton) New (Kanawha) Big Sandy Hiawassee Little Tennessee French Broad Pigeon Little River Monongahela Nolichucky Youghiogheny.. Rapidan Acres. 2,489,000 2,759,000 582,000 1,138,000 431,000 3,225,000 1,347,000 1,066,000 1,307,000 623,000 255,000 202,000 987,000 379,000 117,000 151,000 Watershed. Yadkin Big Pigeon Catawba Broad Potomac Chattahoochee Little Pigeon.. Twelve Pole... Savannah Guyandotte... Saluda Kentucky Coosa Total.... Area. Acres. 428,000 20,000 502,000 299,000 2,095,000 345,000 19,000 1,000 860,000 660,000 100.000 156,000 767,000 23,310,000
Object
Object’s are ‘parent’ level descriptions to ‘children’ items, (e.g. a book with pages).
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This 41-page “Report of the Secretary of Agriculture on The Southern Appalachian and White Mountain Watersheds” is in the collection of the Appalachian National Park Association records. The Senate report was written in 1907. Even before the dawn of the 20th century, the association raised awareness of the importance of forests to water.
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