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Glimpses of our National Monuments
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GSMNP_13150_46_1175_74Item’s are ‘child’ level descriptions to ‘parent’ objects, (e.g. one page of a whole book).
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10 OUR NATIONAL MONUMENTS This area was first established as a national reservation by Executive order of June 22, 1892, under authority contained in the act of Congress approved March 2, 1889, and was classified as a national park. Later, on December 10, 1909, the boundaries of the reservation were changed by the elimination of 120 acres on which there were no prehistoric ruins and the inclusion of a tract of 120 acres adjoining the reservation on the east, on which are located important mounds of historic interest. Finally, on August 3, 1918, by presidential proclamation the reservation was given national monument status. The history of the rise and fall of the civilization which built and inhabited the Casa Grande ruins is only conjectural but the ruins themselves present much interesting material to the student. Undoubtedly when these people came into the valley they were nomads, but the opportunities for a settled life devoted to agricultural pursuits must have appealed to them. Their first step was the construction of an irrigation system, the remains of which are still plainly visible. Then came the problem of housing and finally the need of defensive construction for protection from their enemies. The multi-story house, of which the Case Grande is the highest development, was probably evolved as a defensive measure. As a watch- tower, it must have proved a good investment, for from its top a guard could cover the country within a radius of 10 miles. This was a great advantage, for if the enemy could be sighted at 10 miles, he, being on foot—the horse was not yet on the American continent— would need nearly two hours to get to the village, which gave time to get runners out into the fields and gather forces for the defense. When the valley people were at their most prosperous stage there were probably between 8,000 and 15,000 of them in the Gila and Salt River Valleys. They farmed extensively, raising cotton and corn, made baskets and pottery of a good quality, used stone, wood, and bone tools, used sea shells for decorations and ceremonies, and in general may be said to have lived in the late stages of the Stone Age. No useful metal implements have been found. It is probable that raiding Apaches became too strong for the valley dwellers and year after year they lost a larger percentage of their crops, and a larger number of warriors than they could afford to lose, until they at last decided to abandon the country. This began possibly 700 or 800 years ago. The improvement in wall construction, as indicated by the ruins, was probably developed over a period of not less than 1,200 years, so that the beginning of this civilization may antedate Christianity. The national monument can be visited from the Casa Grande station on the Southern Pacific Railroad. Automobiles may be hired
Object’s are ‘parent’ level descriptions to ‘children’ items, (e.g. a book with pages).
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This 80-page booklet, “Glimpses of our National Monuments” was published in 1926 by the National Park Service. The booklet begins by outlining the distinction between America’s national parks and its national monuments. Subsequent pages show and describe the monuments. Page 72 lists all the national parks to date, all in the western U.S. One argument for the Great Smoky Mountains National Park is that there were no national parks in the eastern U.S. This situation was not changed until 1934 when the Great Smoky Mountains National Park was established.
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Part of Collection
Great Smoky Mountains - A Park for America
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Glimpses of the Plant of the Champion Fibre Co., Canton, North Carolina
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Financial receipts and expenditures, 1902
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Hikers climbing Dry Sluice Gap
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Cataloochee tract 229: M. N. Hall
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Report of the Secretary of Agriculture in relation to the forests, rivers, and mountains of the southern Appalachian region
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Appalachian National Park Association Newspaper Clippings, 1902-1907, 1925, 1928
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Marshall Wilson, Harvey Broome, and Lucien Green at their camp
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Minutes of Meetings of the Appalachian National Park Association
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Cataloochee: fields
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Cataloochee tract 248: J. A. Conrad
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Correspondence from C. P. Ambler, December 1901
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Little Duck Hawk Ridge
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Guyot's geographic notes on the southern Appalachians
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Climatic Treatment of Disease: Western North Carolina as a Health Resort
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Program of hikes for 1930/ Smoky Mountains Hiking Club
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Scrapbook by A. H. McQuilkin
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Appalachian National Park Association Newspaper Clippings, 1899-1902
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Hardwood Bark, 1925
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Nomenclature Map
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Civilian Conservation Corps Annual: District "C"
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Western North Carolina R. R. Scenery: "Land of the Sky"
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Guyot and the Great Smokies
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Carlos C. Campbell card
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Appalachian National Park Association Newspaper Clippings, 1899-1902
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Correspondence between Zebulon Weaver and Mark Squires, June, 1932
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Park visitors at overlook
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Park visitors at overlook
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Report of the Secretary of Agriculture in relation to the forests, rivers, and mountains of the southern Appalachian region
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Cataloochee tract 217: Cataloochee School
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Report of the Secretary of Agriculture in relation to the forests, rivers, and mountains of the southern Appalachian region
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Handbook/ 1934/ Smoky Mountains Hiking Club
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Santeetlah Dam
