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Congressional speech for forest reserve
Item
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11 The agricultural resources of the Southern Appalachian region must be protected and preserved. To that end the preservation of the forests is an indispensable condition, which will lead not to the reduction but to the increase of the yield of agricultural products. PP.ESERYATION OF OUR WATER POWER, Up to this point I have considered this measure with reference only to the farming interests—much the most important to us— and which are already feeling most seriously the damage which the bill is intended to stop. But the question of preserving the magnificent water power furnished by the many rivers rising in these mountains is hardly less important. To-day the larger water powers in the South Atlantic States are confined to the rivers which have their sources in the mountains. I give a table, compiled from the Secretary's report, of the estimated available horsepower and that actually in use on the following rivers: Bivers. Available. Actually used. 88,290 41,000 50,400 57,000 43,000 75,000 285,000 141,000 8,700 3,500 1,500 2,000 18,000 11,500 4,300 3,700 A safe estimate of the available but undeveloped water power on all the rivers and streams, according to Secretary Wilson, is 1,000,000 horsepower. Everyone is familiar with the extraordinary increase in manufacturing that has taken place in the two Carolinas in very recent years, much of it owing to our abundant water power. It is, of course, the cheapest power to be procured, the water flowing without cost day and night, while every ton of coal purchased adds necessarily and materially to expenses. Heretofore the advantage of water power over steam has not been demonstrated because steam could be generated wherever fuel could be got, and mills could be located at points having advantages in transportation and otherwise. Now, however, steam has lost its advantage because, through improvements in electricity, power can be brought many miles at less cost than coal can be furnished at most points. 5206
Object
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William Elliott (1838-1907) was a South Carolina attorney and politician who served in the U.S. Congress. In this speech before Congress, printed by the Southern Appalachian Forest Reserve, Elliott speaks on behalf of the creation of a National Appalachian Forest Reserve. By May 1902, when this speech was made, the Congressional tide had turned from the creation of a national park to the creation of a national forest. Initiated by the Appalachian National Park Association, in 1903, the association changed its name to the Appalachian National Forest Reserve Association and disbanded in 1905.
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