Southern Appalachian Digital Collections

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Report of the Secretary of Agriculture in relation to the forests, rivers, and mountains of the southern Appalachian region

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  • SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN REGION. 99 2,000 feet elevation, where it occurs on dry soils generally with the shortleaf pine. It is a tree of rapid growth and seeds abundantly every few years. The bark is rich in tannin. Bear Oak (Quercus pumila) is generally a large shrub, sometimes becoming a small tree. It is unimportant as a timber tree, and not at all common except northeastward. Black Jack (Quercus marilandica) is a small tree, seldom more than 30 feet in height. It is found only on poor, dry soil below 2,000 feet elevation, and is infrequent except on the southern slope of the Blue Ridge. The wood makes an excellent fuel, but is valueless as timber. Water Oak (Quercus nigra) is a small tree, reaching a height of 50 feet and a diameter seldom greater than 20 inches. It is found occasionally along the larger streams around the southern base of the mountains. It is not sufficiently abundant to have any specific use in this region. The wood is similar to that of the shingle oak. described below. Shingle Oak (Quercus vmbricaria) is a small tree, seldom more tnan 50 feet in height, which occurs in the valleys below 2,500 feet elevation. The wood is used for no specific purpose, but is coarse-grained and porous like that of the black and scarlet oaks, and is adapted to similar uses. It seeds freely, reproduces well, and makes rapid growth. White Elm (Ulmus americana), reaching a height of 80 feet and a diameter of 30 inches, occurs only along the larger streams. It is not abundant enough to be generally used. The wood is hard and tough. Winged Elm (Ulmus (data) occurs only along the larger streams, especially toward the southern end of the Appalachians. It is seldom more than 50 feet in height and 20 inches in diameter, and is unimportant as a timber tree. The wood is hard and tough. Slippery Elm (Ulmus pubescent), reaching a height of more than LOO feet and a diameter of more than 30 inches, is occasionally found in rich hollows. It is too infrequent to have any commercial uses. Late Elm (Ulmus serotina) is a small tree occurring on the larger streams at the southern end of the Appalachian Plateau. Its timber is similar to that of the other species, but is not used. Hackberry (Celtis occidentalis) is a slender tree, sometimes 90 feet feet high and 21 inches in diameter, which occurs along the larger streams. The wood is tough and strong, but is not used. It seeds freety and reproduces well. Mississippi Hackberry (Celtis mississippiensis) is a tree similar in size and in the character of its wood to the preceding. It occurs along the larger streams, but is not common. Rough Hackberry (Celtis crassifol/ia) is a smaller tree than the above, seldom more than 30 feet in height and 12 inches in diameter. The wood is tough and strong, but is not used.
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Object’s are ‘parent’ level descriptions to ‘children’ items, (e.g. a book with pages).