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Western Carolinian Volume 70 Number 04

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  • news magazine WCnewsmagazine 11 rl for? Did you donate time, NE. rescources? e : Planning a crip for fall break to ip disaster victims? We want to hear your story E-mail us; WC@weu. edu Health concerns in the wake of Katrina By Maegan Cleckley * WCnewsmagazine In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, the prime concerns have revolved around cleaning up the once vibrant, incomparable areas of New Orleans and Louisiana and assisting the thousands of victims who lost their homes. In the wake of Katrina, however, health concerns, such as the eruption and transmission of infectious diseases, have begun to worry health officials in the area. The stagnant floodwaters engulfing New Orleans are posing health risks to the victims who came in contact with them while awaiting assistance, as well as those who refused to leave. The once unpolluted water is now contaminated with human and animal excrement, sewage, pollutants, rotting biological material, oil, gas, and industrial chemicals. Other contaminants include the common food- borne outbreaks, such as salmonella, Hepatitis A and extremely high levels of E. coli. This combination of toxins dramatically encourages the declining health of the victims of Katrina. The Center for Infectious Disease Research (CIDR) and Policy and the Center for Disease Control (CDC) have made a collaborative effort to educate the public on the dangers of coming into contact with the floodwaters. The CIDR announced that the biggest concerns revolve around gastrointestinal illnesses brought on by the floodwaters. Epidemiologists agree that contact with the water, even briefly, greatly increases chances of developing a gastrointestinal illness. Victims wading in the water can unintentionally transfer water from their hands to their mouths without even thinking. Officials are also increasingly worried about a possible increase in West Nile virus carried by mosquitoes that are breeding in the stagnant floodwaters. The high temperatures and humidity have resulted in a plague of mosquitoes overtaking the flooded areas. In Louisiana alone, the CDC reported 52 cases of West Nile virus, 40 of which involved encephalitis or meningitis. Mosquitoes are also carriers of malaria, which has caused epidemics in New Orleans in the past. The disease-carrying mosquitoes are expected to continue to burden these areas until mid-October. Infected wounds are also a call for concern because they often go overlooked. Small nicks in the skin, which can be caused by something as small as a mosquito bite, allow the contaminated water to penetrate the skin. Though basic first-aid can remedy this problem, many of the victims dont have access to the simple medical supplies. If left untreated for a period of 3 to 4 days, these minuscule breaks in the skin can become life threatening. These hurricane-related wounds can cause septicemia, more commonly known as blood poisoning, and kill very quickly. Occurrences of this nature were prominent during the tsunami catastrophe in Indonesia last December. Dehydration is another health concern affecting the victims of Katrina, especially those who remained before relief efforts were made. Dehydration, if severe, can cause renal failure. This causes the kidneys to shut down, which makes them unable to concentrate urine, excrete waste from the body and preserve electrolytes. Dehydration became common in areas that people inhabited for longer periods of time. In these areas, the choice was to either drink the contaminated water or dehydrate. However, an estimated 1.5 to 2 billion people in the world lack access to safe water. As a last option, health officials recommended drinking some water and seeking treatment later. Though there have been public scares of epidemics such as cholera and typhoid fever, which were once common in New Orleans in the 19" Century, experts say there is little risk that these foreign diseases will resurface. The CDC has proclaimed it is unlikely for diseases of this nature to break out in areas where these diseases are not already present. Health officials have also debunked the theory that the grotesque corpses floating around aimlessly will spread disease. Most of the diseases and ailments carried by corpses die with the host. Luckily, few infectious diseases have affected the victims of Katrina. Many have not had the opportunity to return to the flooded areas, which has decreased the chances of contracting these ailments. There has been some concern of common diseases spreading among the crowded shelters; however, medical resources are being flown in. Most of the other bacterial and viral infections mentioned, with the exception of Hepatitis A, can be treated with fluoroquinolone, an antibiotic usually prescribed in less developed countries. Nationwide relief efforts are also being made to help those with medical problems.
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