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WCU - Western Carolina University Publications

Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 10

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Item 1 - Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 09
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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 09

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Item 2 - Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 09
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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 09

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Item 3 - Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 09
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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 09

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Item 4 - Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 09
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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 09

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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 09

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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 09

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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 09

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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 09

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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 09

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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 09

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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 09

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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 09

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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 10

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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 10

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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 10

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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 10

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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 10

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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 10

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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 10

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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 10

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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 10

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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 10

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Western Carolinian Volume 69 Number 10

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  • ee 16 2newsmagazine by Brandon A. Robinson * WCnewsmagazine What manner of soul do we behold, who, in just thirty-nine years, affected revolution in racial and social paradigmsarticulated by W.E.B. DuBois at the beginning of the twentieth century? Who cherished the constitutional structure of America, even as he challenged it? Who lived for ideas, but also harnessed them to action? The answer to these queries is simplea soul of virtue, of moral forcethe soul of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Born on Jan. 15, 1929, Martin Luther King, Jr. was heir to a family long established among Atlantas black upper-class. Both his father and maternal grandfather were college-educated clergymendistinctions that were to formidably shape the contours of Martins young mind. From his mother, Alberta Williams King, the lad imbibed the charm and grace that would attract countless friends; from his father, Martin, Sr., he learned to be ebullient in defense of his principles. King was a precocious youth; sitting in Ebenezer Baptist Church, listening to his father, the rhythm and power of words came naturally to him. He never ceased admiring orators, and in time would develop that rhapsodic eloquence that stirs human souls. For the time being, he read books, sang in his fathers choir and matriculated at Morehouse College at age fifteen. At Morehouse, King first encountered Henry David Thoreaus essay On Civil Disobedience, which sparked nascent thoughts about nonviolent protest against racial discrimination. It was also in college that King began to deeply question his fundamentalist upbringing: More and more | could see a gap between what | had learned in Sunday school and what | was learning in college. My studies had made me skeptical, and | could not see how many of the facts of science could be squared with religion. He delivered his trial sermon at fifteen, but the inward struggle between his secular and religious thought would propel him into deep, far- reaching studies in history, philosophy, theology and political theory. This remarkable odyssey of the mind began at Crozer Theological Seminary in Chester, Pennsylvania. Commencing what he called a serious intellectual quest for a method to eliminate social evil, Kings mind teemed with fecund ideas. In his own words, I turned to a serious study of the social and ethical theories of the great philosophers, from Plato and Aristotle down to Rousseau, Hobbes, Bentham, Mill and Locke. King believed, despite his previous religious doubts, that Christian love, if understood and appreciated, could help him chart a course of resistance when he returned south. This view would be sorely tested when he read Marx's The Communist Manifesto and Das Kapital during Christmas Break kes and again when he * King lived the life of a Philosopher King personality"History is ultimately guided by spirit, not matter, he wrote. As he neared graduation from Crozer in 1951, King was convinced that in order to guide the spirit of humanity, he must address all of ones existencespiritual, cultural, intellectual, economic, political and social. After Crozer, King enrolled at Boston University for a Doctorate of Philosophy in sociology. Though he continued his study of philosophersadding Kierkegaard, Heidegger and Hegel to his repertoire this stage was somewhat anticlimactic for him. His two most notable achievements were of very opposite kinds: first, he studied personalism as an attempt to reconcile external force to individual worth; second, he met his future wife, Coretta Scott, of Marion, Alabama. An attractive, self- reliant woman, Coretta had graduated from Antioch College and was studying voice at the New England Conservatory of Music. She was the daughter of a well-to-do family and was conversant in social and political topics. It took only one meeting over lunch for King to decide the next step; he immediately proposed marriage, and after several repetitions of the question, Coretta eventually accepted. Kings father, Martin Sr., married them at Corettas Alabama home on June 18, 1953. In mid-1954, still finishing his doctoral thesis for Boston University, King accepted a ministerial position at Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama. It was a move that would change his life forever: just a year later, a middie- aged woman named Rosa Parks was arrested | and fined for refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger. E.D. Nixon, Montgomery's most noted black activist, immediately galvanized he lic opinion i the boycott would take place. The leaders of the black communityNixon, Ralph Abernathy, Jo Ann Robinson, Rufus West and othersdecided that a young, well-educated and articulate spokesperson was needed to consolidate the movement's energies. They settled upon the twenty-six year old minister, and thus he began his foray into the national spotlight. His nonviolent creedinspired mostly by Thoreau and Ghandiwas tested sooner than expected. While leading the boycott, his house was bombed; his family was unharmed, but the trial by fire was palpable. But, King noted, We came to see that, in the long run, it is more honorable to walk in dignity than ride in humiliation. So in a quiet dignified manner, we decided to substitute tired feet for tired souls, and walk the streets of Montgomery until the swagging walls of injustice had been crushed by the battering rams of surging justice. On Nov. 13, 1956, the U.S. Supreme Court declared all bus segregation laws unconstitutional. Now a national figure, King assumed, in 1957, the presidency of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. In this capacity he traveled the country, speaking at prayer breakfasts, organizing marches and playing an increasingly pivotal role in presidential politicsparticularly after President Dwight D. Eisenhower used military force to integrate Little Rock Central High School. True to his earlier studies, King refused to fight fire with fire, enduring stoning,
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Western Carolina University Publications

The Western Carolinian is Western Carolina University’s student-run newspaper. The paper was published as the Cullowhee Yodel from 1924 to 1931 before changing its name to The Western Carolin...

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