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Last of the Eastern Wilderness: An Article on the Proposed Great Smoky National Park

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  • The most luring feature of the Smoky Mountains is their extraordinary variety of trees and plants. Botanists, from Bartram in 1791 to Trelease in 19214., have found here the richest collecting ground in the United States. In a two-day ramble and soramble among the Smokies one may see more species of indigenous trees and shrubs than in a cross-continent trip from Boston to the Pacific Coast. The forests of all Europe have only eighty-five species of native trees: the Smoky forest has one hundred and twenty-seven, not counting many shrubs that here assume arborescent form. There is a huckleberry tree that grows twenty to forty feet, with trunk diameter of twelve to eighteen inches. Going from a neighboring river valley up to "the top o» Smoky," one passes successively through the same floral zones, in a twenty-mile hike, as he would view in a trip from mid-Georgia to southern Canada. He starts amid sycamores, elms, willows, black gum and sweet gum, holly, hackberry, hornbeam, persimmon, mulberry, oaks, chinquapin, and box-elder. The near-by ridges have been cut over and are now mostly covered with second-growth oaks, hickories, black pine, looust, and dogwood. If the traveler be lucky at the start he may ohanoe upon a fine specimen of that rarest of eastern trees the Cladrastis, or yellowwood. A few miles from the river town he will pass the last settler's cabin. Thenoeforth he i3 in primeval, from which nothing has ever been taken except the big poplars that grew near the creek that he is following as his guide in the upward climb. In the first ten miles he has ascended perhaps only a thousand feet, but he is already in a different zone of vegetation from that of the river valley. The creek is bordered with black birch and yellow biroh, red ash and green ash,
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