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Glimpses of our National Monuments

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  • wcu_great_smoky_mtns-10685.jpg
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  • 30 OUR NATIONAL MONUMENTS The most spectacular feature of the monument is the mountain- encircled Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes in the northwestern portion of the reservation. For over 15 miles down this valley, which measures 9 miles at its greatest width, the ground is broken open, giving vent to several million fumaroles or little volcanoes, from which rise jets of steam. Some of the jets throw their steam over a thousand feet into the air, and hundreds of others go up to a distance of 500 feet, all merging above the valley into one titanic cloud. These fumaroles are surrounded by deposits tinted in all the shades of the rainbow, and present an incomparably beautiful and awe- inspiring spectacle. The Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes was first discovered in 1916 and was explored in 1917 by the National Geographic Society's fourth expedition to this region. The explorers PHOTO BY D. B. CHURCH. COURTESY NATIONAL QEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY " Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes ' had many thrilling adventures. They cooked their meals over the nearest hot vent wherever they happened to be, and their tent, heated by the steam, was much too warm for comfort. In many places they found the ground far too hot to walk upon. Scientists say that this astounding valley is an example of what the geyser basins of Yellowstone Park were at the time when Yellowstone's volcanoes first ceased their activity, and they predict that in the course of time, probably taking many centuries, the surface here will cool sufficiently for the vents to retain water some distance down. When this happens the steam below, pressing against the water near the surface, will force this water upward into the air, and a new geyser field will come into existence.
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