Southern Appalachian Digital Collections

Western Carolina University (20) View all

Common forest trees of North Carolina

items 74 of 80 items
  • wcu_great_smoky_mtns-9734.jpg
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  • :-e>-sggp<3 IT TREES TUPELO GUM (Cotton Gum) (Nyssa aquatica Marsh.) THE tupelo gum, or cotton gum, inhabits only the deep river swamps or coastal swamps which are usually inundated during a part of the year. The commonly enlarged base, large-sized fruit, or "plum," hanging on a long stem, together with the brittleness of the twigs, serves to distinguish it from the black gum. It forms a tall, often slowly tapering, somewhat crooked trunk, 50 to 75 feet in height and 2 to 3 feet in diameter. The spreading, rather small branches form a narrow, oblong or pyramidal head. The branches are generally smooth and light brown in color. The bark of the trunk is thin, dark brown, and furrowed up and down the trunk. The leaves are simple, ovate or oblong in shape, acute and often long - pointed. When mature, they are thick, dark green and lustrous on the upper side, pale and somewhat downy on the lower side, 5 to 7 inches long and 2 to 4 inches at the top, wedge- shaped at the base, irregular and slightly notched or toothed on the margin. The leaf-stem is stout, 1 to 2 inches long, grooved and enlarged at the base. The flowers, which appear in March or April, are of two kinds, usually borne on separate trees, the male in dense round clusters, and the female solitary on long slender stems. The fruit, ripening in early fall, is a so-called "plum," oblong or obovate in shape, about an inch long, dark purple, and has a thick, tough skin enclosing a flattened stone, borne on a slender stalk 3 to 4 inches long. The wood is light, soft, and not strong. It is used for woodenware, broom handles, fruit and vegetable packages. As lumber it is marketed as tupelo or bay poplar. The root-wood is often extremely light in weight and is sometimes used for floats for fish nets. 72 TUPELO GUM Leaf, one-third natural size. Twig, two-thirds natural size.
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Object’s are ‘parent’ level descriptions to ‘children’ items, (e.g. a book with pages).