Southern Appalachian Digital Collections

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Appalachian National Park Association Newspaper Clippings, 1899-1902

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  • M^iMMlBl DN THEPARK BILL STRONG ARGUMENTS PRESENTED TO THESENATE IN FAVOR OF FOREST RESERVE. ^1 —SUI N-DAT- THE ASHEVILLE GAZETTE -april. 27, 1902. Senator Graphically Portrays the Benefits that will Accrue from the Great Project. NEEDED PROTECTION FOR MANY WATER POWERS i 11 to the Gazette. Washington, Api Pritehard todiay iutrodU' nend- Ime-nt appropriating W900 to etch eolor- igrlcultural school In the United Slates. Mr. PrttCha nl has a In nig con- feieiiee with the president this iionning lOlitlcal n i a again urged xpediency ol appointing mini to the i-iibim-A. The senator delivered a speed fore tin- senate today on the .\"p nieh- i.-ui reserve) bill. His enuocl and ilistinet anil his delivery -x- <i iin- inosi Mattering it- lenti'. Iiis follOW sen n i ■". iri'l in.iile Unit will ■ iiniee the past is, measure, 11 (rent Interest Is manifested li t he' gen- lili: 'linn -lit of the i-park . itor Depew will address the senate next week advocating the reserve. Senator Pritehard ivWas highly lompll- "il by the senators on I lie ,HTU- nted. He "Mr. 1'resiil I. if is the woll-soti I. il policy of the government to appropriate money -whenever It becomes necessary ■■ so in order to facilitate commerce and transportation in those [States along the coast, as well as those through which our large rivers flow. This policy has had the sanction of a majority of the people throughout the country, upon the ground that any expenditure which facilitates transportation and encourages the development of commerce Is legitimate and proper. "The people of the section embraced within the Appalachian region have not in the past been, the recipients of the benefits arising from legislation of this kind, and this is the first proposition which has been offered that has had the slightest bearing upon their welfare as a people. "The region' embraced within the ter ritory referred to in the pending measure comprises the highest mountain peaks east of the Rocky Mountains. The mountains and hillsides in this ter- j ritory were originally covered with dense forests. The ruthless and Indiscriminate cutting of timber by the lum- j berman, as well as the forest fires, ' have tended to denude many of 'these mountains of a great per cent of the original growth of timber. The cutting of timber by the lumbermen at first was confined to the more rare and valuable trees, such as walnut and cherry, but after the railroads rendered 'this region more accessible the cutting of birch, locust, 'poplar, oak, chestnut, .jarnd other valuable species began, and fhe operations of the lumbermen today extended beyond the main lines of transportation by the construction of tramways, short railways, etc. "As a general rule, the lumberman who has operated In Tennessee and western Carolina has been a resident of •other states. Such being the case, his interest in the region in questloni begins and ends -with the hope of profit. The necessity for protecting these mountain forests from destruction has been recognized for a number of years, but uneil recently there has been no well-defined effort to secure the protection of thus region against the wanton destruction of timber, which is having such a disastrous effect upon the welfare of the people of these sections, as we'll as those who live In the neighboring' states. "In January, 1900, memorials from the [ Appalachian Mountain Club of New England and the Appalachian National Park association of the South Atlantic staJtes, were presented before congress, asking! that the government establish a national forest reserve embracing the steep mountain lands in the Southern Appalachian Mountains. During the yeans 1900 and 1901 resolutions favoring such action by the government were passed bv the leading scientific societies of the country, by the several forestry associations, by the national board of trade, and similar boards of trade and other commercial bodies in nearly all of the larger southern1 and eastern Cities. The legislature In each of the several nates which extend into the region of the pro|x>sed national forest reserve have, with remarkable unanimity of vote, passed resolutions favoring this measure, and th'-y have also passed mis ceding to the United States the right to own ainl control the mountain lands which it Is proposed to incorporate in this forest reserve. "The press of the i-oiiiiliy has recognized the Importance of Immediate and speedy action with respect to the question, and has uniformly advocated this measure as one the necessity for which ought not to be limited to any local region, but as extensive as the nation. This statement applies not simply to tbe local press, but to the important newspapers, Journals, the trade and (lumber journals, the engineering and mining Journals, aim other technical ipapers. "As a result of this agitation Congress incorporated in a bill making appropriations for the department of agriculture for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1901, a provision which author.. ized the investigation of the conditions of the Southern Appalachian Mountain region, to be conducted under the- supervision and direction of the secretary of agriculture. The department of the interior, through the geological survey, cooperated with the department of agriculture in. this investigation, so as to have it include the condition! of the streams, the topography and geology, as well as the forests of the region. "In January, 1901, the secretary of agriculture submitted a preliminary report of these investigations. His report was submitted to congress by President McKinley in a message which recommended this measure to the favorable consideration of congress. A bill was introduced in the senate during the second session of the last congress, which provided for the purchase of forest-covered mountains In the i states of Virginia, the two Carolinas, Tennesse, Georgia, and Alabama. This bill was reported favor-ably to the sen- by the committee on forest reserva- "Since that date investigations of this subject have been continued by the •department of agriculture through another year. The secretary of agriculture in his final report, submitted December 19, 1901, again recommends that the forest lands in question be purchased by the government and incorporated into a national forest reserve, and this recommendation by the secretary is heartily indorsed! by the president in his message transmitting the report to congress. The interest manifested in behalf ot this measure furnishes evidence of the fact that the American people are becoming thoroughly aroused to the importance of preserving their forests, and we are now brought face to face with the problem as to the best method of accomplishing this result. It may be contended by some that this measure involves a new policy on the part of the goverhment, but such is not the case. There have been a number of forest reservations established out of the public domain in western States and territories, which during the past ten years have aggregated more than' 70,000 square miles. The following -table will show the number of square tnlles of public domain that have been Incorporated into national forest reserves in the western states and territories: i w State. 0 IP o ~ » » jr a -leg = <»"' Arizona 6,825 B California *.., ,. 13,509 9 Colorado 4,848 Idaho 6,264 7 (Montana 7,8X.> ■New Mexico 4,27". ■ Oregon 7,271 South Dakota 1,893 it.ih 1,474 2 lilngton 12.672 19 Wyoming 4,994 5 Total 72,139 ... There are 38 of these sepi reserves, ranging in area from .10.000 acres (at Prescott, Ariz.) to 4,500,000 acres—the area of the Cascade I;, serve in Oregon—making the total area of all these reserves 72,139 square miles, or a little more than 46,000,000 acres. immense sulms of money are expended annually for the purpose of dredging the principal harbors of the country. The lodgment of sediment which is removed from these harbors by the process of dredging is due to the washing of the various rivers tributary thereto, and the approximate cause of this accumulation is the unnatural flow of water produced by the destruction of the forests in the mountains where these rivers have their sources. If it is legitimate to appropriate money to remove the sediment resulting frottni the causes •which I have mentioned, it necessarily follows that it is right and proper and much less expensive as a precautionary 'measure, to appropriate money to preserve the forests, in order that this unnatural flow of water may not occur. That the setting aside of portions of the national domain as forest reserves about the mountains and the sources of important streams in the western states and territories has been a wise policy is now generally admitted throughout all portions of the country.
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